Liberal Feminism

In 1983, Alison Jaggar published Feminist Politics and Human Nature where she defined four theories related to feminism: Liberal feminismMarxismRadical feminismSocialist feminism Her analysis was not completely new; the varieties of feminism had begun to emerge as early as the 1960s. Jaggars contribution was in clarifying, extending and solidifying the various definitions, which are still often used today. Goals of Liberal Feminism Jagger described liberal feminism as theory and work that concentrates more on issues such as equality in the workplace, in education, and in political rights. Liberal feminism also focuses on how private life impedes or enhances public equality. Thus, liberal feminists tend to support marriage as an equal partnership, and more male involvement in child care.  Support for abortion and other reproductive rights  have to do with control of ones life and autonomy. Ending domestic violence and sexual harassment remove obstacles to women achieving on an equal level with men. Liberal feminisms primary goal is gender equality in the public sphere, such as equal access to education, equal pay, ending job sex segregation, and better working conditions. From this standpoint, legal changes would make these goals possible. Private sphere issues are of concern mainly as they influence or impede equality in the public sphere. Gaining access to and being paid and promoted equally in traditionally male-dominated occupations is an important goal. What do women want? Liberal feminists believe they want the same things men want: to get an educationto make a decent livingto provide for ones family. Means and Methods Liberal feminism tends to rely on the state to gain equality—to see the state as the protector of individual rights. Liberal feminists, for example, support affirmative action legislation requiring employers and educational institutions to make special attempts to include women in the pool of applicants, on the assumption that past and current discrimination may simply overlook many qualified women applicants. Passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) has been a key goal for liberal feminists. From the original womens suffrage proponents who moved to advocate a federal equality amendment to many of the feminists of the 1960s and 1970s in organizations including the National Organization for Women, each generation viewed the amendment as necessary to create a more just society. The amendment is one state shy of the 38 needed for passage, but ERA supporters in 2019 saw renewed hope as the 100th anniversary of womens suffrage approached. A vote that could have made Virginia the 38th state to ratify the ERA missed by a single vote in early 2019. But the U.S. Supreme Court upheld new redistricting lines in the state later in 2019 and a move was underway in Congress to officially extend the ratification deadline. The text of the Equal Rights Amendment, as passed by Congress and sent to the states in the 1970s, is classical liberal feminism: Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex. While not denying there may be biologically-based differences between men and women, liberal feminism cannot see these differences as adequate justification for inequality, such as the wage gap between men and women. Critics Critics of liberal feminism point to a lack of critique of basic gender relationships, a focus on state action which links womens interests to those of the powerful, a lack of class or race analysis, and a lack of analysis of ways in which women are different from men. Critics often accuse liberal feminism of judging women and their success by male standards. White feminism is a kind of liberal feminism which assumes that the issues facing white women are the issues all women face, and unity around liberal feminist goals is more important than racial equality and other such goals.  Intersectionality was a theory developed in criticism of liberal feminisms common blindspot on race. In more recent years, liberal feminism has sometimes been conflated with a kind of libertarian feminism, sometimes called equity feminism or individual feminism. Individual feminism often opposes legislative or state action, preferring to emphasize developing the skills and abilities of women to compete better in the world as it is. This feminism opposes laws that give either men or women advantages and privileges. Resources and Further Reading Alison M. Jaggar. Feminist Politics and Human Nature.Drucilla Cornell. At the Heart of Freedom: Feminism, Sex, and Equality.Josephine Donovan. Feminist Theory: The Intellectual Traditions of American Feminism.Elizabeth Fox-Genovese. Feminism Without Illusions: A Critique of Individualism.Betty Friedan The Feminine MystiqueCatharine MacKinnon. Toward a Feminist Theory of the State.John Stuart Mill. The Subjection of Women.Mary Wollstonecraft. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.

The Wife Of Bath Character Analysis Essay - 1149 Words

Witty and Wise In Geoffrey Chaucer’s â€Å"Tale of the Wife of Bath,† the Wife tells a story about a knight who rapes a maiden and is sentenced to death, unless he finds out what a woman desires most. He goes on a search, and hears many different opinions. Then, he comes across a hideous old woman who promises to tell him the answer as long as he does what she asks. He agrees, and tells the queen who grants him his freedom. The woman demands he marry her, which the knight desperately resists because of her physical ugliness. She tells him, â€Å"sir, you reprove me for age; but certainly†¦you nobles who are honorable say that one should honor an old person†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (237). She has pity on him, though, and gives him a choice: she will stay ugly but remain†¦show more content†¦During this time, too, as it still does when the Wife tells it, people judge by nobility rather than character. In the story, the old woman rebukes the knight thoroughly, saying t hings such as, â€Å"Find who is always the most virtuous, privately and publicly, and who always tries hardest to do what noble deeds he can, and consider him a nobleman† (233). In reading Wife’s story, one can almost see her listeners glancing askance at eachother, realizing that they are as guilty as the knight. Throughout time and space, one principle is true: a person can only be defined by his true character, evidenced by his actions. Irony is prevalent throughout this story, especially situational irony. For example, the queen and some other women, who should sympathize with the molested maiden, desire to give mercy to the knight. â€Å"This knight was condemned to die according to law, and should have lost his head†¦except that the Queen and various other ladies prayed to the king for grace so long that he granted him his life on the spot, and gave him to the queen, completely at her will†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (223). These women wanted a man who took advantage of a women to be saved, though they themselves could have been in her very situation. Irony is also found in the answer of what women desire most. â€Å"Generally women desire to have dominion over their husbands as well as their lovers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (229). The irony in this statement is clear, for the knight’s initial crime was using hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Wife Of Bath 1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canterbury Fails: An Analysis of Misogyny in the Wife of Bath’s Tale At first glance, you wouldn’t think that the Wife of Bath’s tale is anything other than feminist. She is, undeniably, the only non-religious female character in The Canterbury Tales and therefore is the only character who is approached from a point of view that was generally uncommon. 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The economic impact of tourism free essay sample

The economic Impact of tourism? social and cultural Impact of tourism As an Industry, tourism Is a dynamic, evolving, consumer-driven force. It Is the worlds largest industry. It is the employer of 183 million people. This represents 10,2% of the global workforce. By employing one out of every the workers, travel and tourism is the worlds largest employer. As an industry, tourism is expected to grow much taster than other sectors. Growing so rapidly, tourism presents tremendous opportunities and challenges. Although a mature industry. tourism is a young profession. The good ews is the variety of career prospects for todays hospitality and tourism graduates. Tourism is a leading producer of tax revenues. When a tourist spends money to travel, to stay In a hotel, or to eat In a restaurant, that money Is recycled by these businesses to purchase more goods, thereby generating further use of the money. In addition, employees of businesses who serve tourists spend a high proportion of their money locally on various goods and services. We will write a custom essay sample on The economic impact of tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This chain reaction continues until theres a leakage, meaning that money Is used to purchase something from outside their area. This phenomenon is usually called the multiplier effect. Social and cultural impact of tourism From a social and cultural perspective, tourism can have both positive and negative Impacts on communltles. Even a visit to another part of your own country can both socially and culturally stimulating. undoubtedly. tourism has made significant contributions to international understanding, peace and prosperity. However, tourism results not only in sociocultural benefits but also in sociocultural problems. Imagine the feelings of an employee In a developing country who earns perhaps $5 er day when he sees wealthy tourists flaunting money. Another example is nude female tourists sunbathing in a Moslem country, On the other hand, tourism is a clean and green industry, that most of the hotels are built with concern for the environment and use local crafts people, designers, and materials. Tourism brings new revenue to the area, It also creates and maintains higher rate of employment than if there were no tourism, During the past few years, the so-called ecotourism has developed in the countries which try to minimize visitor impact on their natural and cultural environment. In practical terms, ecotourism tour operators prepare participants by educating them about local culture, animals, plants. The economic impact of tourism By svetasakovets 6. The economic impact of tourism? Social and cultural impact of tourism As an industry, tourism is a dynamic, evolving, consumer-driven force. It is the worlds worlds largest employer. As an industry, tourism is expected to grow much faster and challenges. Although a mature industry, tourism is a young profession. The good travel, to stay in a hotel, or to eat in a restaurant, that money is recycled by these heres a leakage, meaning that money is used to purchase something from outside impacts on communities. Even a visit to another part of your own country can both socially and culturally stimulating. Undoubtedly, tourism has made significant Imagine the feelings of an employee in a developing country who earns perhaps $5 female tourists sunbathing in a Moslem country. On the other hand, tourism is a new revenue to the area, it also creates and maintains higher rate of employment than if there were no tourism. During the past few years, the so-called ecotourism

10 Years from Now free essay sample

Who Am I in Ten Years May 23, 2013 I will be a graduate at Corona del sol high school. I see myself as athletic, honest and a very caring person. Sophomore and junior year I was involved with Corona, I was a cheerleader and part of the dance company. I’ve met a ton of friends throughout my high school career. When people look back and hear my name they will think of me as the very outgoing, preppy and respectful young lady. It’s very important to me to achieve my dreams and my ambitions I need to do many things and follow the principles I have learned from my family. I need to have a positive attitude. I need to believe in myself and I need to believe that my success is achievable and look forward that I can do every opportunities that come my way. When you say ten years from now there are a few things that come to mind. We will write a custom essay sample on 10 Years from Now or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The way I see myself in ten years from now is not something I often think about, but it scares me a little to know that in one decade I will be twenty seven years old. In ten years from now I see myself as a U of A graduate with a degree in nursing. In ten years I know I want the basic things of life, love, family, and happiness. In 2023 I plan to be a nurse practitioner. My career provides me a flexible schedule, an interesting and challenging workday and a pretty good paycheck. All with just two years of schooling following my bachelors degree. I will be a hard worker. I will not just work but will strive to do my work well. I will be that kind of person who is not afraid of hard work and failure. I plan to be married to the love of my life, my best friend, the guy that I can talk to about anything. He will be the most perfect, caring and respectful gentlemen. We will just be starting to have children.